Hertz


 * __ Heinrich Hertz __**

**__ General __****__ : __** Heinrich Rudolf Hertz was born in February 22, 1857. Hertz was a German physicist who clarified the electromagnetic theory of light. He was the first satisfactory the existence of electromagnet waves by using an apparatus to detect VHF and UHF radio waves. Hertz was born in city of Hamburg in Germany, and his father was a barrister and his mother was the former. Later on he had three younger brothers and one younger sister. He had a very high understanding for science and language studies. For university he studied sciences and engineering in the city of Dresden, Munich and Berlin. Hertz completed his PHD degree from university of Berlin, then he pots as a lecturer in theoretical physics at the University of Kiel. Two years later he has become a full professor at the University of Karlsruhe, and also the place where he discovered electromagnetic waves.

In 1886 Hertz developed a antenna receiver Hertz helped establish the Photoelectric Effect during this discovering he noticed that a charged object loses charge more readily when illuminated by ultraviolet light. In 1887, Hertz had an experiment of the photo electric effect and of the production and reception of electromagnetic waves. In the observations he fined a coil with a spark gap, to find out the spark would lead to detection of EM waves. He then placed the apparatus in a dark box to observe the spark better.

Te unit hertz is named after this German physicist Heinrich Hertz, who made the significant steps to electromagnetism. The unit name was established by the International Electro technical Commission in 1930 which is in the early 20th century, then adopted by the General Conference on Weights and Measures in 1960. Today the name hertz is very familiar to everyone, and the term ‘gigahertz’, the most commonly used in computer processor clock rates.
 * __ The Great unit __****__： __** ω = 2π//f//  and[[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/math/4/0/3/403a812dbed6bd1ffb91835aa3abb55a.png caption="f = omega/(2pi) ,"]].

**__ Electromagnetic research: __** Hertz did the most important researches on Electromagnetic and he proved and discovered many principal theories. The photoelectric effect is a phenomenon in which electrons are emitted from matter as a consequence of their absorption of energy from electromagnetic radiation of very short wavelength, such as visual or ultraviolet light. All electrons emitted in this manner may be referred to as ‘photoelectrons’. Because this was first observed by Heinrich Hertz in 1887 therefore, phenomenon used to be called the ‘Hertz effect’. The photoelectric effect takes places with photons with energies from about a few electron volts form the high atomic number elements. In Hertz’s observation he showed that electrodes illuminated with ultraviolet light create electric sparks more easily. Heinrich Hertz’s study of photoelectric effect led to important steps in human’s understanding on the quantum nature of light and electrons.


 * __ Hertz antenna receiver: __**

To be able to complete the research Hertz developed the Hertz antenna receiver in 1886. This is a set of terminals that is not electrically grounded for its operation. At the same time Hertz also developed a transmitting dipole antenna, which was a center-fed driven element for transmitting UHF radio waves. These antennas are the simplest and most practical antennas from a theoretical point of view. Heinrich Hertz then used his invention experimented with radio waves in his laboratory in 1887. After the experiment Hertz altered the Maxwell’s equations to take this view into account for electromagnetism .

1887 experement setup diagram